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高中英语语法解析之数词知识点汇总,一篇就全懂

2024-10-20 次浏览


高中语法的难度加年夜,在测验中的比例也年夜年夜增长了,完型、浏览、写作都必要语法的纯熟运用。本日先生为年夜家整顿了语法中数词的用法,赶紧学起来哦。

基数词

高中英语语法解析之数词知识点汇总,一篇就全懂
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表现数量若干或次序先后的词叫数词。

1.基数词的组成:

1-10 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten;

11-19 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen,

seventeen, eighteen, nineteen;

20-90 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety;

≥ 100

100 a/one hundred;

1,000 a/one thousand;

1,000,000 a/one million;

1, 000,000,000 a/one billion = a/one thousand million

2. 基数词的用法

1)作主语:

Three will be enough for us.

三个对我们来说就足够了。

Two of the girls are from Tokyo.

这些姑娘中有两位来自东京。

2)作宾语:

Four people applied for this job, but we only need one.

四小我申请这事情,但我们仅需一人。

3)作表语:

The population of China is over 1.3 billion.

中国有十三亿多生齿。

I’m twenty while my brother is sixteen.

我二十岁,我弟弟十六岁。

4)作定语:

We have 300 workers in our company.

我们公司有三百名员工。

Forty students were involved in the interview. 四十论理学生加入了此次采访。

5)作同位语:

You two clean these seats.

你们两个扫除这些位子。

Have you got tickets for us three?

有我们三小我的票吗?

序数词

表现次序或品级。

1. 序数词的组成:

1-10:first 1st; second 2nd; third 3rd; fourth 4th; fifth 5th; sixth 6th; seventh 7th;eighth 8th; ninth 9th; tenth 10th;

11-19:eleventh 11th; twelfth 12th; thirteenth 13th; fourteenth 14th ;fifteenth 15th; sixteenth 16th; seventeenth 17th; eighteenth 18th;nineteenth 19th;

20-90:twentieth 20th; thirtieth 30th; fortieth 40th; fiftieth 50th; sixtieth 60th;seventieth 70th; eightieth 80th; ninetieth 90th;

≥100:

100 hundredth;

1,000 thousandth;

1,000,000 millionth;

1,000,000,000 billionth

2、序数词的用法

1)作主语:

The second is what I really need.

第二个是我真正必要的。

The first bottle has been full but the second is empty.

第一个瓶已满,但第二个还空着。

2)作宾语:

I got a third in biology.

我生物获得了第三名。

Do you prefer the first or the second?

第一个和第二个你更喜欢哪一个呢。

3)作表语:

I will be the first to support you and the last to oppose you

.我将是第一个支撑你的人,也是最不会否决你的人。

Columbus was the first who discovered America.

哥伦布是第一个发现美洲的人。

4)作定语:

I’ll try a second time and see if I can do it.

我还要试一次,看看我可否做得了。

Take the first turn to the right and then the second turn to the left and you’ll get there.

在第一个转弯处向右转,然后在第二个转弯处向左转就到了。

5)作状语:

He came second in the race.

他在竞走中得了第二名。

It was a snowy day when we first met.

我们首次会晤时是一个下雪的日子。

3、 序数词前冠词的使用

1) 明白指清楚明了先后次序或一系列事物按必定的纪律分列时,序数词前用定冠词。

This is the second time that I have been in London.

这是我第二次来伦敦。

Alva is the fifth child of the Whites.

阿尔瓦市怀特家的第五个孩子。

2) 表现“又一、再一”,不强调次序时,序数词前用不定冠词。

You have bought four toys today. Why do you want to buy a fifth one?

本日你已经买了四个玩具了,为什么还想再买一个呢。

I failed again, but I will try a third time.

我又失败了,可是我要再试一次。

3) 序数词前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格或其他修饰语时不消任何冠词。

My first five years of childhood was spent with my grandparents.

我五岁前是和祖怙恃一块渡过的。

Mrs. Black’s second child is a genius.

布莱克夫人的第二个孩子是个天才。

4) 序数词与名词组成复合形容词时,冠词由被修遁词而定。此时序数词是复合形容词的一部门而不是自力的,前面的冠词完全由这个形容词所修饰的名词而定。

This MPV car is a second-hand one.

这辆商务车是二手的。

Habit is second nature.

习气是第二本性。

5) 序数词还可作副词,此时不消任何冠词。

First I am short of money; second I haven’t enough time.

起首我缺钱,其次我没有足够的光阴。

6) 序数词用在表现“每隔……”的every 后,其前不消冠词。

every second day 每隔一天

every fifth day 每隔四天

every second line 每隔一行

7) 某些固定搭配中序数词前不消冠词。

first of all 起首

at first 起先

at first sight 乍一看,第一

数词的用法

1. 分数:表现分数时,分子须用基数词,分母须用序数词。

(分子是1以上的任何数时,作分母的序数词要用复数情势。)

1) 真分数通常用英语单词表达。

one-fourth 四分之一

two-fifths 五分之二

a quarter 四分之一

2) 分子和分母的数量较年夜时,两者都用基数词,之间用over/by/out of/in 衔接。

Seven over/out of/in twenty of the students have passed the flight test.

二十个学生中有七个经由过程了飞行测试。

3) 带分数:“整数+ and + 分数部门”。

Two and a quarter inches of rain fell over the weekend.

周末时代的降雨量达二又四分之一英寸。

2. 小数:小数老是用阿拉伯数字表达。小数点后岂论有若干位都不克不及用逗号离开,但小数点之前的数依然依照三位一个逗号的原则书写。

0.786432 120,372.428

注意:小数点前的数按通俗基数词的读法读,小数点后的数每一位都要零丁读。

15.503 读作fifteen point five zero three

0.05 读作zero point zero five

3. 百分数:百分数中的数量用阿拉伯数字,后接percent或百分号(%),在专业统计或表格中常用%取代percent,在句首时则用英语单词书写。

I have invested 40 percent of my income.

我把40%的收入用作投资了。

Farmers’ income has increased by 30%.

农夫的收入已经增长了30%。

4、 倍数:表现倍数时,一倍用once,两倍 用twice/double,三倍以上用“基数词+ times”。

1)“倍数 + as many/much … as …”

My deskmate claims to have twice as many stamps as I.

我同桌声称他的邮票是我的两倍。

This computer costs three times as much as that one.

这台计算机的价钱是那台的三倍。

2)“倍数 + the size of …”

用法与size雷同的名词常见的有weight(重量),height(高度),depth(深度),width(宽度),age(年龄),length(长度)等。

Our playground is five times the size of theirs.

我们的操场是他们的五倍年夜。

This street is twice/double the width of that one.

这条年夜街是那条年夜街的两倍宽。

3)“倍数 + what从句”

The value of the house is double what it was.

这所屋子的代价是本来的两倍。

People’s average income is almost five times what they earned ten years ago.

人们的均匀收入是十年前的五倍。

4)“倍数 + 比拟级 + than”

The room is twice larger than ours.

这间屋子比我们的屋子年夜两倍。

This ball seats three times more people than that one.

这个年夜厅能坐的人数是谁人年夜厅的四倍。

5)“比拟级 + than … + by + 倍数/水平”

The line is longer than that one by twice.

这根线是那根线的两倍长。

The population of China is larger than that of the US by over 6 times.

中国生齿是美国生齿的六倍多。

5、四则运算:

1)加法:在白话中,小数量的加法常用and代表“+”,is 或 are 代表“=”。

在正式的场所或较年夜数量的加法用plus代表“+”,equals或is 代表“=”。

7+4=11 Seven and four is/are eleven.

13+12=25 Thirteen plus twelve equals/is twenty-five.

2) 减法:在白话中,小数量的减法用“Take away + 减数 + from + 被减数 + and you get + 余数”

“减数 + from + 被减数 + leaves/is + 余数”

在正式的场所或较年夜数量的减法用minus 代表“—”,equals 代表“=”。

12-5=7 Five from twelve leaves/is seven. /Take away five from twelve and you get seven.

21-7=14 Twenty-one minus seven equals fourteen.

3) 乘法:在白话中,小数量的乘法的乘数用复数情势,用are 代表“=”。

年夜数量的乘法用times代表“×”,is/makes 代表“=”。

在正式的场所下用multiplied by 代表“×”,equals 代表“=”。

4×5=20 Four fives are twenty

326×238=77588

Three hundred and twenty-six times two hundred and thirty-eight is/makes seventy-seven thousand five hundred and eighty-eight.

Three hundred and twenty-six multiplied by two hundred and thirty-eight equals seventy-seven thousand five hundred and eighty-eight.

4) 除法:小数量的除法:用divided by 代表“÷”,equals 代表“=”。

“被除数 + divided by + 除数 + equals + 商”;“除数 + into + 被除数 + goes + 商”

32÷4=8 Thirty-two divided by four equals eight.

Four into thirty-two goes eight.

年夜数量的除法:用divided by 代表“÷”,equals 代表“=”。

216÷8=27

Two hundred and sixteen divided by eight equals twenty-seven.

6、比率:一样平常来说表现比率都用阿拉伯数字(包含句首的环境),但在非专业性的笔墨中,也可用英语单词的情势。

The ratio of 7 to 4 is written 7:4 or 7/4.

七比四写作7:4或7/4。

You have a fifty to fifty chance of success.

你胜利的机遇只有一半。

7、编号:用基数词时 名词 + 基数词 World War Ⅰ/Page 8/Room 109…

用序数词时 the + 序数词 + 名词 the First World War

8、年月与几十几岁:通常是逢十的基数词用作复数情势。表现年月的数词前用定冠词 in the 90s;表现岁数的数词前用形容词用物主代词 in one’s twenties

9、约数:

1)表现“年夜约”可以用about/some/around/nearly/something like/more or less,用or so 表现“左右、年夜约”置于数词之后。

The man in rags is about/some sixty years old.

The man in rags is sixty years old or so.

谁人衣衫破烂的须眉年夜约有六十岁/六十岁左右。

Peter is something like thirty.

皮特年夜约有三十岁。

2)“多于、跨越”用more/than/over/above;“少于、不跨越”用less than。

She was more than/less than forty when she got married.

她娶亲时有四十多岁/不到四十岁。

3)其他

半天(小时)half a day=a half day; half an hour=a half hour

一个半 a day and a half=one and a half days

两天半 two days and a half=two and a half days

一两天……one or two days=a day or two

两三天/周/个苹果 a couple of days/weeks/apples…

三番五次 again and again; repeatedly; time and (time) again; over and over again; time after time

三年五载 from three to five years; in a few years

三三两两 in twos and threes; in knots

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开心英语: &

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